"Thus, we never see the true state of our condition till it is illustrated to us by its contraries, nor know how to value what we enjoy, but by the want of it." - Daniel Defoe, from Robinson Crusoe
- Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Taishōgun, the first ruling shogun in the history of Japan and de facto ruler
- Federal troops occupy Helena, Arkansas
- Frederick McKinley Jones receives a patent for an air conditioning unit for trucks, helping to change long-haul carriage of food and blood
- “Disco Demolition Night” at Comiskey Park: fans go wild destroying disco records and cause the White Sox to forfeit the second game of a doubleheader to the Detroit Tigers
- World's longest fingernails are cut off; Indian man Shridhar Chillal's left-hand nails measured a combined total of 909.6 cm (358.1 inches) after growing for 66 years
- Barbara Cowsill, American singer and rock band mother (The Cowsills - "Hair"; "We Can Fly"), born in Cranston, Rhode Island (d. 1985)
- Brian Cant, British stage and screen actor and children's television presenter (Play School, 1964-85), born in Ipswich, Suffolk, England (d. 2017)
- Hans Tilkowski, German soccer goalkeeper (39 caps, West Germany; Westfalia Herne, Borussia Dortmund, Eintracht Frankfurt), born in Husen, Germany (d. 2020)
- Mel Harris [Mary Ellen], American actress (Hope-30 Something), born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
- (Christopher) "Topher" Grace, American stage and screen actor (That '70s Show -"Eric"; In Good Company; Home Economics), born in New York City